Inside BMW’s smart logistics strategy at Debrecen BMW is redefining automotive logistics with direct delivery systems, real-time tracking, digital twins, and autonomous transport at its Debrecen plant. The OEM’s tech-driven approach integrates production, quality, and sustainability – setting a new standard for next-gen vehicle manufacturing. Nick Holt
JLR begins phased restart after six-week cyber siege British luxury carmaker initiates controlled manufacturing resumption following devastating cyberattack, whilst government underwrites £1.5 billion ($2 billion) loan to stabilise supply chain. Economist warns crisis reveals industry vulnerability. Ilkhan Ozsevim
The flexible assembly line: How vehicle production learned to hedge its bets Market uncertainty has forced manufacturers to abandon fixed production lines. Honda, BMW and Volkswagen are investing billions in systems that can switch between combustion, hybrid and electric vehicles by the hour. Ilkhan Ozsevim
Sponsored Smart energy and data solutions power shift to green auto manufacturing As sustainability has become a priority for global automotive manufacturing, OEMs and suppliers are adopting digital energy management systems to track, reduce and optimise energy consumption and carbon emissions across plants and supply chains. Siemens is helping to lead this transformation, enabling measurable reductions in CO₂ and operational gains, especially in paintshops and bodyshops. AMS Editorial
Human-centric digitalisation: Empowering the shopfloor with smarter tools As automotive manufacturing becomes more automated and data-driven, digitalisation must be designed to empower, not replace, shopfloor workers. With intuitive tools, connected systems and real-time insights, OEMs and suppliers are rethinking how humans and machines interact in production environments. Ilkhan Ozsevim Anushka Dixit
Lear’s “lights-out” vehicle production launches in Michigan Lear is opening an advanced centre in Michigan to demonstrate lights-out manufacturing and deepen its automation push, building on its Palantir-backed digital strategy. Ilkhan Ozsevim
Digital shopfloors: PdM powers manufacturing uptime Automotive manufacturers are integrating predictive maintenance systems to boost shopfloor productivity and reduce downtime. Waites' Bill Kilbey explains how digital tools transform equipment reliability across OEM and supplier operations. Ilkhan Ozsevim
The human cost of JLR's shutdown Unite union calls on the British government to launch a furlough scheme mirroring a Scottish plan, as workers are laid off in droves to protect JLR production and supply chain jobs threatened by the cyberattack. Ilkhan Ozsevim
iFactory flourishes at BMW Debrecen BMW’s Debrecen plant combines fossil-free energy, onsite battery assembly, and digital twins to produce the New Class. Designed as a scalable iFactory blueprint, it aligns product, factory, and process for an electric future. Andrea Hofmann-Topp
BMW’s Debrecen plant showcases iFactory concept in action As BMW ramps up to start series production at its Debrecen plant, Plant Director Hans-Peter Kemser and Member of the Board of Management of BMW AG, Production, Milan Nedeljković share insights into a new era of manufacturing for the carmaker Nick Holt
The new battleground of human capital: An interview with Julien Matalou, ManpowerGroup VP With the automotive industry's rapid transformation, automakers are facing complex pressures. In this exclusive interview with ManpowerGroup's Global VP, Julien Matalou, AMS discerns ways to bridge the skills gap, embrace automation, and build a more resilient workforce. Ilkhan Ozsevim
Sponsored SEAT automates bolt checks with 3D sensors at Martorell SEAT has introduced an automated inspection system at Martorell using 3D sensors and RFID tracking from LMI Technologies, STT Systems and Stemmer Imaging to detect missing bolts, improve traceability and reduce costly production delays. AMS
Shopfloor tools: Human-centric digitalisation in production In this AMS livestream, we explored trends and opportunities in manufacturing user technologies - including AR/VR, cobots, IoT, exoskeletons, computer vision and AGVs - and how they’re reshaping daily operations, enabling smarter decisions, and strengthening the human-machine relationship.
Volkswagen accelerates AI-powered production with 5-year AWS extension The platform now hosts more than 1,200 AI-driven applications, ranging from real-time image-based quality inspections to energy optimisation, with machine learning executed via AWS services such as Amazon SageMaker. Anushka Dixit
A new generation of automation at Mercedes-Benz’s Düsseldorf plant Blending AI and automation, Mercedes-Benz's Düsseldorf van plant is taking a major step in automation with the deployment of a four-legged robotic assistant – Aris Nick Holt
Sponsored Boosting automotive production efficiency with AI-powered predictive maintenance Discover how Siemens’ predictive maintenance solutions reduce downtime, cut costs, and ensure consistent quality across automotive manufacturing lines using real-time data and AI analytics AMS Editorial
Sponsored Augmented Reality transforms automotive production quality control and efficiency Visometry's Twyn AR solution boosts Quality Control, accelerates vehicle production and enhances Human-Machine collaboration on the shop floor AMS
Sponsored Seeing what is invisible to others ABB Robotics continues to advance the capabilities of automated mobile robots for lineside delivery of parts for assembly. The Flexley® Mover P603 is latest high payload autonomous robot that thinks in Visual SLAM AMS
VinFast launches "world class" flagship EV plant in Tamil Nadu, India Vietnamese EV maker VinFast opens its first overseas plant in Tamil Nadu, India, signalling a confident bet on one of the world’s fastest-growing vehicle markets and a strategic push toward regional exports and sustainable mobility leadership. Ilkhan Ozsevim
Dr Hanns Bernd Ketteler on bolstering Bosch's North American production through cross-functional collaboration Ahead of speaking at Automotive Manufacturing North America 2025 in October, Bosch Mobility Americas’ top executive for operations explains how greater collaboration across departments, simultaneous engineering and digital tools are helping the automotive supplier stay competitive in fast-changing times. Ilkhan Ozsevim Christopher Ludwig
BMW Regensburg deploys GenAI to reinvent quality checks BMW’s Regensburg plant is using generative AI to automate bespoke quality inspections, enhancing speed and consistency across its complex, mixed-model production. Ilkhan Ozsevim
Visibility through invisible connections: How 5G is weaving a new automotive network Automotive OEMs are embracing private 5G networks to drive digital twins, automation and AI. This shift enables safer, smarter and faster factories built on low-latency, high-security wireless connectivity. Ilkhan Ozsevim
5G, AI, IIoT and the race for real-time visibility in auto manufacturing As automotive plants grow more complex and dynamic, real-time visibility is becoming the foundation of smarter, more responsive manufacturing. From 5G networks and AI-powered inspections, to digital twins and predictive maintenance, leading OEMs are unlocking next-generation transparency and control on the factory floor. Ilkhan Ozsevim Anushka Dixit
Inside Toyota’s 2025 Lean(er) Manufacturing System Toyota’s lean production system enters a new phase in 2025. Combining its founding pillars of Jidoka and Just-in-Time with digital tools and tighter regional roles, the updated model aims to sharpen EV readiness and operational agility. Ilkhan Ozsevim
Key insights from Daimler Truck’s Twin4Trucks project Daimler Truck’s Twin4Trucks project has provided significant insights into AI-driven data consistency in truck production. Discover how its successes and challenges in AI, 5G, and local solutions are shaping the company’s roadmap for future manufacturing advancements. Yannick Tiedemann
BMW’s Factory Genius: How AI is transforming global automotive production BMW’s AI-driven Factory Genius is cutting troubleshooting times and streamlining production across global plants. As part of its broader iFactory and AIonic strategy, BMW is reimagining shop floor intelligence through real-time data, machine learning, and generative AI. Nick Holt
Welcome to the new AMS experience We’ve redesigned the AMS website to deliver sharper insight, faster access and a smoother, more intuitive experience at a time when you need it most. Nick Holt
Benteler launches advanced manufacturing project in Morocco, integrating 4.0 tech The Benteler Group has launched construction of a smart automotive plant in Morocco’s Kenitra Free Zone, aiming to strengthen its global footprint, boost local employment and embed digital manufacturing technologies. Ilkhan Ozsevim
Škoda begins construction on New Mladá Boleslav paint shop to support EV and ICE production and cut emissions by 2029 Škoda Auto has started construction on a next-generation paint shop at its Mladá Boleslav plant. Due to open in 2029, the facility will support EV and ICE models, enhance surface quality, and reduce emissions by 28% Ilkhan Ozsevim
Manufacturers use digital tools and teamwork to futureproof flexible ICE, EV & Hybrid assembly lines Leading manufacturers reveal how cross-functional collaboration, real-time data and advanced automation are strengthening agility and flexibility across assembly lines, with lessons from Bosch, BorgWarner and Renishaw Ilkhan Ozsevim
Hybrid vehicles return to North America’s production lines as automakers rethink strategy Automakers that once aimed to skip hybrids and go straight to electric vehicles are now reintegrating hybrids into their North American line-ups. Building “half-and-half” cars is proving technically tricky but strategically worthwhile. Ilkhan Ozsevim
ABB PixelPaint revolutionises the automotive paintshop PARTNER CONTENTThis content was produced by Automotive Manufacturing Solutions in partnership with ABB Robotics.The paintshop has always been one of the most expensive and least sustainable areas of any production facility. Joerg Reger, Head of Automotive at ABB Robotics discusses the challenges and how the company has created a revolutionary solution. AMS Editorial
GM promotes Mike Trevorrow to head global manufacturing, align with EV and software shift General Motors has appointed Mike Trevorrow to oversee global manufacturing and engineering operations, unifying leadership to drive faster industrialisation of software-defined and electrified vehicles across 110 sites. Ilkhan Ozsevim
BMW’s digital brain: Dr. Michael Nikolaides on AI, robotics and resilience in a complex global supply chain BMW’s Dr. Michael Nikolaides discusses how the OEM is leading with intelligent intralogistics, AI-powered automation, and data-driven decision-making. From real-time reallocation to humanoid robotics, BMW is future-proofing its production network in a volatile global landscape. Christopher Ludwig
Inside Dräxlmaier’s digital drive: COO Arno Güllering on AI, mindset shifts and global smart factory strategy In a revealing interview at the Automobil Produktion Kongress in Munich, Arno Güllering, chief operating officer of Dräxlmaier Group, shares how the global supplier is accelerating its smart factory transformation. From unexpected digital frontrunners like Tunisia to the growing role of generative AI in maintenance, Güllering discusses his first-year priorities and why a shift in mindset is just as critical as technology. Christopher Ludwig
Automotive expert Tunç Kip: Human-machine interfaces essential in boosting flexibility, quality, and performance in global manufacturing From the factory floor to upstream design, digital human-machine interfaces are enabling smarter, leaner, and more flexible vehicle production - but humans need to be at the centre of gravity for it to work. Ilkhan Ozsevim
How Arno Güllering wants DRÄXLMAIER Group to harness shopfloor visualisation and genAI in production and maintenance The tier-1 supplier has established a highly connected production and logistics network, with a strong emphasis on data visualisation and a roadmap for AI. But to stay competitive and resilient, COO Arno Güllering wants to ensure both plants and HQ have a mindset ready to embrace change. Christopher Ludwig
Mercedes-Benz blends AI, humanoid robots and craftspeople at its Digital Factory Campus to redefine the boundaries of human-machine collaboration in vehicle production At its Digital Factory Campus in Berlin, Mercedes-Benz is pioneering new forms of human-machine interaction, from generative AI agents to humanoid robots, blending physical and digital intelligence in its production system. Ilkhan Ozsevim
Cybersecurity: Building defence-in-depth into smart factories PARTNER CONTENTThis content was produced by Automotive Manufacturing Solutions in partnership with Siemens.Seamless connectivity between IT and OT systems is essential to smart factory operations. But this integration expands the attack surface, exposing enterprises to escalating cyber threats AMS
Augmented reality, AI, cobots and digital twins are transforming automotive production by enhancing worker training, planning, inspection and collaboration Human-machine interfaces are becoming central to car production. With AR, cobots, AI inspection and digital twins, OEMs like Ford, Volvo, GM and Mercedes are reshaping the way people and machines interact. Ilkhan Ozsevim
JLR and Daimler Truck are building resilience through flexible manufacturing, agile supply chains and modular production systems JLR and Daimler Truck are adapting their global production systems to meet rising demand for vehicle personalisation, electrification and supply resilience. From simulation to system design, flexibility is now built in from the start. Ilkhan Ozsevim
The rise of HMI: Human-machine synergy in smart manufacturing Human-Machine Interfaces (HMIs) are no longer simple control panels; they are intelligent, connected systems that empower operators with real-time insights, intuitive workflows and predictive guidance. As HMI technology evolves, it is reshaping how workers interact with automation, improving ergonomics, safety and efficiency, while bridging the gap between cyber-physical systems and human expertise. Anushka Dixit
Sterling Anderson joins GM as executive vice-president and chief product officer to drive innovation across electric and petrol vehicles, software, services and user experience General Motors has appointed Sterling Anderson, co-founder of Aurora and former Tesla executive, to lead product development across its portfolio, as the carmaker seeks to unite software, hardware and user experience under a single innovation strategy. Ilkhan Ozsevim
Inside Tesla’s ‘radical’ manufacturing shift: How the “Unboxed” process could slash EV production costs and impact the automotive industry As Tesla gears up to launch its $25,000 electric car, its “Unboxed” manufacturing process draws both praise and scepticism. AMS explores its potential to transform automotive production and its implications for the industry. Ilkhan Ozsevim
5G networking: How JLR is building smarter factories As manufacturing operations become more data-driven, traditional network technologies are struggling to keep up. Steve Mason, JLR’s Advanced Digital Technologies Manager for Global Industrial Operations speaks to AMS about the integration of 5G networks into factory environments. Nick Holt
As automotive manufacturing digitises, new smart factory roles in AI, data and IIoT are replacing traditional shopfloor jobs and transforming skills requirements As automotive manufacturing becomes more intelligent, connected and software-defined, factory roles are shifting. New digital profiles are emerging, while traditional ones risk becoming obsolete. Chris Löwer
Digital twins: Boosting productivity in automotive manufacturing The digital transformation of production operations is continuing at pace and while there is still much more potential to be realised, the focus is now firmly on digital tools making a practical contribution. Nick Holt
Edge computing and AI: Transforming manufacturing at the source In modern manufacturing, edge computing is becoming a game changer, enabling faster, more secure, and more efficient operations. Steve Mustard, an expert with the International Society of Automation (ISA), spoke with AMS on how this technology is shifting traditional processes and how it’s set to evolve with artificial intelligence. Nick Holt
Honda’s $1bn redevelopment of its Ohio plants sets a global precedent in integrating EV, hybrid and ICE production with smart manufacturing and supplier transformation. Honda North America’s upgraded Ohio operations will be its template for flexible production of ICE, hybrid and electric vehicles on a single line. Project lead Mike Fischer speaks to AMS about the goals, planning and execution behind this major production shift. Nick Holt
Mercedes-Benz lays foundation for advanced paint shop in Sindelfingen, fusing sustainable design with digital twin, AI and smart energy management Mercedes-Benz is investing heavily in a new state-of-the-art paint shop near Factory 56 in Sindelfingen. Built with Dürr, the site will feature AI, digital twins and smart energy systems to cut emissions and resource use by half. Yannick Tiedemann
How digital twins, hybrid clouds and predictive AI are enabling connected manufacturing in the automotive industry Automotive manufacturers are racing to connect systems, optimise production and secure supply chains through digital twins, hybrid clouds and AI. But legacy systems and organisational inertia remain major obstacles. By Ilkhan Ozsevim. Ilkhan Ozsevim
How Mercedes-Benz Bremen manages combustion, hybrid and EV builds while preparing for Maybach and AI-driven smart production without going fully electric In an interview with Timo Gilgen, the Bremen plant manager talks about his understanding of leadership, identifies the challenges facing the location, and explains how the north manages to build ten different models simultaneously and why a purely electric plant is not an option. Timo Gilgen
Software-defined vehicles are transforming value creation, customer models, and strategies across the automotive industry, from BMW to Stellantis and NXP It’s now time to take a more holistic view of software-defined vehicles (SDVs). After all, they involve completely new business models. Who is pursuing which strategy? By Andrea Hoffmann-Topp
Toyota and Gorilla join forces to deploy AI warehouse tools and drive a global rollout of smart factory automation starting from Thailand Toyota Material Handling Solutions Thailand is partnering with AI firm Gorilla Technology Group to co-develop intelligent warehouse tools. The collaboration launches in Thailand with a global rollout planned. Ilkhan Ozsevim
New whitepaper: BASF and Catena-X: Creating a more connected and efficient automotive industry This whitepaper provides an in-depth look at how BASF, as a top 30 global automotive supplier, is leveraging Catena-X to enhance supply chain transparency, ensure regulatory compliance, and drive efficiency.
Audi pioneers virtual control systems with Siemens and Broadcom to transform production efficiency and digital automation in its Böllinger Höfe bodyshop Audi is rolling out virtual programmable logic controllers at its Böllinger Höfe site with Siemens, Broadcom and Cisco, replacing hardware with cloud-based automation to enhance agility, scalability and environmental efficiency Ilkhan Ozsevim
BMW ramps up Debrecen plant with cutting-edge modular assembly to lead Neue Klasse electric vehicle production from late 2025 BMW’s all-electric plant in Debrecen enters its final phase before full production. With modular systems, digital twin planning and just-in-sequence delivery, the site signals the future of scalable, fossil-free manufacturing. Ilkhan Ozsevim
How digital twins are boosting efficiency and adaptability in automotive manufacturing: Stellantis, Webasto and Cintoo dig in Digital twins are becoming essential in automotive manufacturing, helping OEMs and suppliers optimise efficiency, adapt to electrification, and enhance real-time decision-making. We look at how BMW, HORSE, Stellantis, Webasto and Cintoo are pushing the technology’s boundaries. Ilkhan Ozsevim
Future-ready: BMW’s digital transformation of its Munich plant and beyond As the global automotive market pivots toward sustainability and electrification, BMW isn’t just adapting its product portfolio it’s reengineering the entire production operation, prioritising flexibility, digitalisation, and long-term operational efficiency. Plant Munich director, Peter Weber discusses the company’s approach to digitalising production. Nick Holt
At its Berlin Digital Factory Campus, Mercedes-Benz is boosting its connected manufacturing through AI, cloud platforms and human-machine collaboration across its global network At its historic Berlin-Marienfelde plant, Mercedes-Benz is building a new model of connected manufacturing. Through MO360, AI and cloud integration, it is turning data into action across a globally standardised production network Ilkhan Ozsevim
Digital twin technology is bridging the physical and digital worlds in automotive manufacturing OEMs and Tier suppliers are actively deploying digital twin solutions to enhance their manufacturing capabilities. This article explores the latest trends, ongoing developments, key challenges, and critical steps in deploying digital twins in the automotive industry. Nick Holt
Henkel’s digital battery simulation team accelerates EV battery design and development, cutting costly iterations and physical testing for faster market readiness PARTNER CONTENTThis content was produced by Automotive Manufacturing Solutions in partnership with Henkel.Material supplier Henkel has created a new simulation team that is helping customers to be much faster and more efficient during battery design and development. AMS
Hyundai Motor Group to invest $21bn in US vehicle production, future tech, energy infrastructure and supply chains, targeting 1.2m unit capacity and 100,000 new jobs by 2028 Hyundai Motor Group is deepening its US manufacturing footprint with a $21bn investment through 2028. The Group is scaling production, localising components and developing future mobility and energy technologies to strengthen industrial resilience. Ilkhan Ozsevim
HORSE accelerates digital twin integration at Valladolid to optimise powertrain production, enhance sustainability and redefine EV manufacturing strategies HORSE, the Renault-Geely joint venture, is harnessing digital twins at its Valladolid plant to transform powertrain production, boost flexibility in EV output, reduce emissions and embed data-driven decision-making across its operations. Ilkhan Ozsevim
Digital transformation at inflection point within automotive manufacturing Cost, productivity and quality are key gains of digitalisation and AI is yet to be fully exploited.
How ALM and PLM integration enhances collaboration, accelerates development and ensures compliance in automotive manufacturing PARTNER CONTENTThis content was produced by Automotive Manufacturing Solutions in partnership with PTC.As the automotive industry transitions to software-defined vehicles, integrating Application Lifecycle Management (ALM) and Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) systems becomes crucial. This integration enhances cross-domain collaboration, accelerates product development, and ensures compliance with safety standards. Experts from PTC and Veoneer share insights on leveraging ALM-PLM integration to maintain competitiveness in this dynamic landscape. AMS
Mercedes-Benz accelerates AI and robotics at Berlin-Marienfelde, transforming digital production with humanoid robots and next-generation automation technologies At its Berlin-Marienfelde site, Mercedes-Benz is integrating artificial intelligence and humanoid robotics into automotive production. With new digital tools and axial-flux motor technology, the factory is setting new global standards for intelligent manufacturing. Ilkhan Ozsevim
A Mckinsey report warns that Europe’s automotive industry must adapt rapidly to electrification, software and global competition or risk falling further behind Europe’s automotive industry is under pressure. A McKinsey report outlines five major disruptions that threaten its future. From software to supply chains, the industry must move fast to avoid losing ground to global competitors. Ilkhan Ozsevim
Accelerating EV innovation transforms design and manufacturing processes as Toyota and Volkswagen lead cross-functional integration and digital twin adoption for future production Industry experts at the AMS Evolution panel examine the accelerating EV shift and its impact on design and manufacturing. Toyota and Volkswagen share insights on engineering flexibility and digital twin simulation to streamline production Ilkhan Ozsevim
Why global automotive innovators must embrace Design For Manufacture to power production in an environment of increasing complexity and fierce foreign competition Automotive manufacturers are streamlining production with Design for Manufacture (DFM), cutting complexity, reducing costs and driving EV innovation. In In this article, experts reveal the key strategies and digital tools that are reshaping vehicle production. Ilkhan Ozsevim
Revolutionising Automotive Manufacturing: Flexibility, Efficiency, and Sustainability with Siemens PARTNER CONTENTThis content was produced by Automotive Manufacturing Solutions in partnership with SiemensDiscover how Siemens’ innovative solutions empower automakers to meet the challenges of EVs, sustainability, and smart manufacturing. Download the whitepaper to explore actionable insights.
JLR and partners push seat foam circularity forward through digital tools and collaboration, accelerating sustainable material reuse in luxury vehicle production JLR’s breakthrough in seat foam circularity is powered by digital tools, data-driven traceability and production/supply chain collaboration. The Circularity Lab’s ‘learn through doing’ approach is setting new industry benchmarks for material reuse and sustainable innovation. Ilkhan Ozsevim reports. Ilkhan Ozsevim
EU invests in AI to transform automotive manufacturing with ‘AI smart factories’, automation and next-generation production technologies The EU’s new InvestAI fund will inject €200 billion ($208.4bn) into AI, transforming European automotive manufacturing. With AI gigafactories and smart factory technology, this initiative aims to drive automation, digitalisation and next-generation production systems. Ilkhan Ozsevim
Volkswagen partners with Dassault Systèmes to accelerate software-defined vehicle development with the AI-powered 3DEXPERIENCE cloud platform Volkswagen has selected Dassault Systèmes’ AI-powered 3DEXPERIENCE platform as its primary engineering and manufacturing system. The move aims to drive software-defined vehicle innovation, enhance efficiency and unify fragmented processes across the group. Ilkhan Ozsevim
DeepSeek’s AI model raises questions over the future of computing power, Nvidia’s dominance and automotive AI development The fact that a Chinese startup trained its AI model cheaply caused a stock price crash in the USA. For experts, however, this is a sign that artificial intelligence can be developed more quickly - including in the automotive industry. Timo Gilgen
Rockwell strengthens autonomous production logistics with Clearpath Robotics and OTTO Motors in a major move towards fully integrated smart manufacturing Rockwell Automation has acquired Clearpath Robotics and its industrial division OTTO Motors, integrating autonomous mobile robots into its portfolio. The move signals a transformation in production logistics, optimising efficiency and connectivity across factories. Ilkhan Ozsevim
Audi is transforming vehicle production with AI-powered image processing, eliminating errors and setting new standards for quality control and smart factory innovation Artificial intelligence is accelerating transformation in automotive production. Audi’s Industrial Computer Vision is proving how AI-driven image processing enhances quality control, minimises defects and paves the way for scalable smart factory innovation. Ronja Schmiedchen
BMW drives CO2 reduction with workforce engagement: Transformation only succeeds with head and heart The BMW Group is driving forward decarbonisation, digitalisation and modern leadership with ambitious CO2 targets and a clear strategy. Human Resources Board Member Ilka Horstmeier outlines the economic policy opportunities and challenges in this Q&A. By Andrea Hoffmann-Topp
AI: Enhancing predictive maintenance in production lines Unplanned downtime is costly and something that the automotive industry has been working hard to reduce through predictive maintenance strategies. AI now offers a significant step forward in real-time monitoring and data gathering and analysis. Nick Holt
How AI-powered humanoid robots are changing auto manufacturing at BMW, Tesla, and Mercedes-Benz Humanoid robots powered by AI and advanced robotics could transform automotive manufacturing and production processes. Companies like BMW, Tesla, and Mercedes-Benz are preparing for a wider deployment of these robots to enhance efficiency, address labour shortages, and improve factory automation with capabilities like adaptive learning, human-robot collaboration, and real-time decision-making. Anushka Dixit